Automatic apparatus for artificial respiration



Jan. 19, 1965 R. KUBAN' ETAL 3,166,068

AUTOMATIC APPARATUS FOR ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION Filed Feb. 2, 1961 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan. 19, 1965 R. KuBAfi ETAL AUTOMATIC APPARATUS FOR ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION 4 Filed Feb. 2. 1961 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS e/f Xa/ena a' gaerf J Jan. 19, 1965 R. KUBAN ETAL 3,166,068

AUTOMATIC APPARATUS FOR ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION Filed Feb. 2, 1961 '7 Sheets-Sheet 3 llll hm/zw/ Jan. 19, 1965 R. KUBAN ETAL 3,166,058

AUTOMATIC APPARATUS FOR ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION Filed Feb. 2, 1961 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 fig. 6.

87 Mg) 8 r INVENTORS Zoerf X0665; a en z z'fa enda ZMW Jan. 19, 1965 R. KUBAN ETAL 3,166,068

AUTOMATIL'; APPARATUS FOR ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION Filed Feb 2. 1961 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 AUTOMATIC APPARATUS FOR ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION Filed Feb 2. 1961 Jan. 19, 1965 R. KUBAN' ETAL 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 ii -II INVENTORS Jan. 19, 1965 R. KuBAN' ETAL AUTOMATIC APPARATUS FOR ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION Filed Feb. 2, 1961 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 INVENTORS Ka/e/m a @4 M w United States Patent 3,166,068 AUTGMATIC APPARATUS FQR ARTH'ICIAL RESPIRATION Robert Kubar i and Zdenek Kalenda, Prerov, Czechoslovakia, assignors to Meopta, narodni podnik, Prerov,

Czechoslovalua Filed Feb. 2, 1961, Ser. No. 86,7% 7 Claims. (Cl. 128-29) ener y foran independent electric drive is'employedior the :vacuum pump. Yet another object is the easy control of all important functions of the apparatus so that it may be used for patients of all ages. A further object is an overall arrangement of the structural'members in the apparatus which results in small dimensions and low manufacturing costs. i I

The exact nature of .this invention as well as other objects and advantages thereof will be readily apparent from consideration of the'following specification relating to the accompanying drawings, wherein FIG. 1 is apartly sectional elevationalview oficertain elements in an automatic apparatus for artificial respiration according to the invention, "during the exhaling phase. FIG. 2shows the apparatus of FIG. lduring' theinhaling phase.

'I FIG. 3 'isa diagrammatic representation of an embodi- 'ment during the inhaling phase of the apparatus.

If FIG. 4 shows the apparatus of FIG. 3 during the exhaling phase. 1 FIG. .5.is a diagrammatic representation'of another embodim'ent of the invention equipped witha vacuum pump.

Ice

pump S, and the apparatus is automatically switched between inhalation and exhalation by a change-over switch (not shown in the drawing). The alternating vacuum and pressure which actuate the change-over switch is created in the pressure'chamber M by the movement of the piston I by the gas admitted-from the flask 0 through a reducing valve L, or by'the vacuum pump 8.,

Throttlingof the admission of compressed gas to the pressure chamber Mby the reducing valve R controls the leng'th of the exhalation period. The throttling of the suction line from pressure chamber M bythe reducing valve R2 controls the length of the inhalation period. The reducing valve R between the oxygen flask O and the tube"? controls the admission of gas to the lungs and thus the inhaled volume. uurn line controls the exhaled volume. v The apparatus operates during inspiration under-pressure and during expiration under the suction of the vacuum pump S.

FIG. 3 shows diagrammatically the automatic apparatus according to the invention with the change-over switch 'for the valve-system during theinhaling phase -when oxygen, or compressed air, from the flask flows through the conduit .1 of the reduction valvenot shown in' FIG, '3, and open shut-ofi valve 2 to a supply tube 6 and connector tube 10, whereupon it enters the mask. Due to the underpressure produced by the vacuum pump connected to a pipe 11, oxygenis sucked off through a discharge tube 8 over the open shut-01f valve? from an accordion-type bellows ,12, Whose movable wall during its displacement shifts a rod 13 in thedirection of the arrow 15. The rod =13 is slidably mounted in a bearing l 4, an abutment 16 acting on -'a disc or springcap '17 I against thepres'sure of a'spring 18. During its shifting movementthe disc 17 "strikes a two-armed stoplever 1 9, I V which is'biased by a helical spring 29. The two-armed lever 19 is provided with a catch 21, which, afterits release, permits an automatic sliding movement of a r slide 22 under the influence of the compressed spring 18.

TV 'FIG.' 6lis a viewof the control panelof an apparatus" based 'onfthe principle shown in .FIGS. 3 and 4,'the apparatus being partiallytshown in section. r

FIG.'7 is a cross-section through the mechanism of the apparatus taken in the plane YY in FIG. 6, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along-the line X X in FIG. 6, and

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view ofthe apparatus taken along the line Z-Z'in FIG. 6. j The basic features ohan automatic apparatus for artificial respiration according to the invention" are shown in vFIGI il in the exhaling and in' FIG. 2 in the'inhaling phase. In the body T of .the apparatu's tw'o conduits are connected to a pressure chamber 'M in' which a piston I having a piston rod Kiis .movably arranged. The conduits also communicate withaflexibletube P which 'is attached to a non-illustrated mask. Tw'o three w-ay cocks V and V are arrangedin respective conduits 'betweenithe cham f ber'M and the-tube P. The-cockV' 'is connected by a tube to an oxygen flask O. The .othercock V is con-.

nected to ayacuum pump 8. Other valves may be used instead'of the threeaway cocks shown in the drawing. The

the operation of thefj apparatus can beconfrolled as will 7 O and 'by' the underpressure' produced by: the vacuum 1 in such a manner that through the open valve 5 in the During this movement the valves 2 and Sfarev closed,

and the shut-olfvalvesd, and 5 are opened by means of arms"23, 24 and 25 arranged on the slide 22.

FIG. 4 shows the apparatus of FIG. 3 inthe expiration phase, when the vacuumpump isattached to the pipe '11 suction tube 9 and the connector tube 10 it aspirates the air from the patients lungs. At'the' same time oxygen or compressed air from the flask is admitted through the pipe 1, the feed conduit 7, and open valve 4 to the ac- 1 cordion type bellows 12, which" is thus filled and shifts the rod 13 in the direction of the arrow 26 until the abutment lo actuates the disc or spring cap 27 against the influence of the-spring 28. During its movement the disc 27' abuts against the two-armed stop lever 29 which is biased by a helical spring 30. This two-armed;lever 29, is provided with a catch 31, 'whicl1-when. releaseder mitsiautomaticmovementof the slide 22'by the action of the compressed helical spring 28. A

j The. slide 22 carries arms 23, 24 and 25 which open the valves'z -and Sand- :lose'the valves 4 and 5. In the tubes 7 and 8' near the'.accordion-type bellows 12 there l are provided. two reducingortcontrol valves 32 -and' 33,

f and in the neighborhood of the tubeli) two reducing-or fexhaled mixture of gases is drawn (iii the patients lung by'the vacuum pumps; In'addi-tion to thethree-way cocks V ,-V the conduits in' the body T are provided 7 with reducing valves-R R R ,"R."by means ofwhich controlva'lves 3 4 and 35. Mounted in the sarne-tubes are safety. valves. 36 and 37; which limit pressure and vacuum.

' FIG." 5 showsa second embodiment ofpthe invention, i The operationof this apparatus does. not require'a sep a-f rate, vacuum pump? The apparatus is controlled by --a change over switch fcomprising a slide 38. and a slidable f rod 39 provide d with anfabutinent fi L which du ring movrnentj' in one direction strikes 'a'g'ainst 'a" disc f 41 acted upon by afhelical'spring 42,};wherefas during movelf {ment in the othendirection it strikeisf against a 43 The valve R in the vac spring'49 and provided with a catch 50.

1 exhausted and; a tubef89 are connected to the mask.

' fiects in its movement a two-armed lever 45'biased by a helical spring 46 and provided with a catch 47, The,

disc 43 deflects a two-armed lever 48biased by a helical The slide 38 is 'provided with arrnsSl, 52 and 53 for actuating valves 54, 55, 56; 57, 58'and 59. The rod 39 is slidable'in bearings 60 and 61 and is connected to'a pair of pistons 62 and 63 mounted in tandem in a cylinder 64 which is connect edby conduits 65, 66- and 67 to the various valves. The'cylinder 64 encloses three pressure chambers Q, U, Z whose volumes change upon displacement of the pistons 62 and 63. Compressed oxygen from a non-illustrated flask is admitted through a pipe 63 to the valve 6 andto a space between the valves 58 and 59; \Vhen the valve 56 is opened, oxygenis fed to the" patients lungs through a conduit 69. a in The conduits 69 and 70 lead to the patients mask and are provided with safety valves 71 and 72 which limit positive and negative pressure. A reducing "valve? 73 in the. conduit-69, a reducing valve 74'in the conduit 70, and reducingvalves 75,76 in conduits 66andg67 are provided for control purposes-as'described above] f The automatic respirationapparatus shown infFIG; 5 operates, as follows:

During the inhalin giphase," compressed ioxy g 'e n' flows through the conduit 68, the v alve 56 andcondriit'fitdthe mask and the patients lungs and through the openvalve of ,whicnisenlarged by*movement jof the piston 63.

taneously the arm 52 lopens'the 'valvesI54 and '58 land g 4- A guide 98 for the valveneedle is yoke 99.

FIG; 6 shows details of one, of the, safety valves provided with'the'control knob 83 (FIG. 9). The control resiliently secured by a knobs 83 and 8470f both safety valves are adjustable in longitudinal slots of the cover'79 along respective scales.

One of the slots 100 and one of the scales 101 are shown in FIG. 6. A pin 102 associated with the control knob 83 '(FIG. 8) is guided in a bifurcated end of a lever 103 'pivotally mounted on a pin 104. The shorter arm of the 'lever103 is engaged by a helical spring'105 whose other 'lldwhich'during its reciprocal movement actuatesdiscs 111 and lllbiased'by helical sprin'gs113 and 114; The

discs 111 and-112 control levers 115 and 116 whichyare connected by a helical spring 117. The levers 115. and 116-are' provided .with cylindrical catches 1'18 -a11d119 adapted to alternatingly engagethe edges of a slide 120 a 59 and conduit 67 to the pressure chamber 1U, the space Gas escapes during this movement fromthe chamber Q rough the exhaust valve 77 to. the outside. From thejchamber-Zfthe gas escapes: through the conduit 66J iand the open'valveS -S. When the rfod 39 with the abutment" is displaced, thedisc 43isishifted-andthe two-armed lever 48 carryingthe catch is pivoted. ,Whfiffl catch 50 is released, the slide 38 is moved in: the direction '1 ofithe arrow m by the helicaljfspring'44iDuring this movement the arm 53 closes the valves and59; simulthereby initiating; the inhaling phase}; Compressed ,oxy-

gen 'flows' then throughthe tube 68, .valve' 58 and con-f duit 66 to the chamber Z, and theresultingdisplacement of the; piston 63 actu'ates' the. changeover switchof the control valves. Due to the underpressure generated in the chamber Q, the mixture from the patients lungs'is through the conduiti 65, valve 57-and con duit '70." a a n An automatic respiration apparatus based on the prin-' ciple shown inFlGS. 3' and 4 isillustrated in FIGS.;6 to 9.-

The casing 178 'of the apparatusfis provided witha cover, i I 79 and knobs 80, 81, 82 and 83 for control of thereducing I valves. Further, arranged on;the cover 79 are knobs 84 and'85 for setting the safety valves'which limittpressure 1 s and suction. The knobs are arranged intheigroups re L" lspectively consistingof-the knobs 81,383 and 85;,which" T 7 control the exhaling phase, an the knobs-80,182 nds; which control the inhaling phase. "The'knobs' so and 81 ,-which control the length 'of l V i t The apparatus is connected a) the ann alawn;

tube 86 and to the oxygen flask by a; tube 87. Atube 88;. i 7 i (chisource ofsuctiom i y a a (d) a feed conduit communicating with, said source of (2).;"slide mea'n's-reciptdcable between two l tive positions: thereof in a path parallel to said the individual=phases are 'iplacedabove one another; 5' 1 which is equippedwith arms 121 and 122 (FIG. 9), said arms actuating the "various control valves, providedrfin the automatic respiration apparatus; i

l Welcl airn: a a a t 1. In a respiration devic, in combination: I (a) expandable container means including a fixed Wall and a wall reciprocable relative to said fixed wall in -''a predetermined path to varythe volume ofl'afgas 7 space said container means;

(11)a'sourceofgasunderpressure;

gas and withsaid gas. space; n '(e) V a discharge conduit communicating with; sa d gas Y qspace;

(f) connector "means for connecting said device, to '40 f a the arm 51 opens the valve 57 and closesv the-valve 56,

respiration'rnaskmeans; l p :(gig'gasl sfipplilcbnduitt'commuincatmg with said sourceof gas and with said connector means;

(h a suction .donduitcomniunicating with 'said;sourcel 1 of'suction and withsaid connectormeans;

(i) four shut-oft'evalve means, each valve means. being reciprocable in a' respective one of'said conduits inaj If; path parallel to said ipredetermine'd path-betweema conduit closing and a conduitropening position; and

(j) abutment means operatively connected, to said movable wall formovement therewith in a path parallel to said ,path, Y and abuttingly engageable ;with said eluding wall'for'jointjmovement therewith,

1 predetermined path," a (3') tworeleasable stopfl means i f termediatefpo'sitions,

from said abutment memberin opposite direcabutment' mem'b'er, whereby said slide means moves {with said abutmentimernber between shntofl valve means' fortmovin'g' the same between a p saidpositions'thereof when saidmovablewall moves *relative' to said 'figred wall, i'said' abutment means'in f 1 shunned meabaaxay conaaad 101 sari for respectively f 1imitingmovemenfiof'said slide. means toward 'Vsaid operativepositions thereof in respective in- I 7 (4)" two 'yieldably' resilient; membersaextending H tioris. parallel to said predetermined path, said resilient members being interposedbetween said abutment member'and'rejspective portions ofsaid v slide means for actuating movementrof said slide 3 V p x a a a a,f meansf respgnsive tosaidlmovemnt ofsaidv A 1 FIG. 7 shows alsoone'of the reducing valvesjlarr'ange d V l a; j between the, accordiontypelbellows 911a'nd. thet'ube 92. ;w r The knob SO is'attached to a threaded needle whose a "L.

a 4 I 'said intermediate';positionsthereof when said I conical tipfifi 'cooperatie'swith a confor'mingtvalve seat 97 b esnt em r mere h fietr e qndr' 5 ih'g positions, and said resilient members are compressed when said abutment member moves beyond said corresponding positions while said stop means limit movement of said slide means, f?) motion transmitting means interposed between said abutment member and each of said stop means for respectively releasing said stop means responsive to movement of said abutment memher a predetermined distance beyond a respective corresponding position thereof, and (6) arm means mounted on said slide means for joint movement therewith parallel to said predetermined path and engageable with said shutoff valve means for moving the same between said positions thereof. 7 2. A device as set forth in claim 1, further comprising adjustable control valve means for controlling the rate of flow of said gas in said conduits.

3. A device as set forth in claim 1, wherein said discharge conduit communicates with said source of suction. 4. A device as set forth in claim 1, wherein said source of suction includes pump means connected to said movable wall for actuation thereby.

said resilient members.

7. A device as set forth in claim 1, wherein said stop meansv each includea lever member movable between a movement limiting position and a releasing position, and

a resilient member connecting said lever members for urging the same toward said movement limiting positions thereof.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 10/59 Stanton FOREIGN PATENTS v 5/10 Germany.

468,256 4/14 France.

RICHARD A. GAUDET, Primary Examiner.

in claim 1; wherein said slide- 

1. IN A RESPIRATION DEVICE, IN COMBINATION: (A) EXPANDABLE CONTAINER MEANS INCLUDING A FIXED WELL AND A WELL RECIPROCABLE RELATIVE TO SAID FIXED WALL IN A PREDETERMINED PATH TO VARY THE VOLUME OF A GAS SPACE IN SAID CONTAINER MEANS; (B) A SOURCE OF GAS UNDER PRESSURE, (C) A SOURCE OF SUCTION; (D) A FEED CIRCUIT COMMUNICATING WITH SAID SOURCE OF (E) GAS AND WITH SAID GAS SPACE; (E) A DISCHARGE CONDUIT COMMUNICATING WITH SAID GAS SPACE; (F) CONNECTOR MEANS FOR CONNECTING SAID DEVICE TO RESPIRATION MASK MEANS; (G) A GAS SUPPLY CONDUIT COMMUNICATION WITH SAID SOURCE OF GAS AND WITH SAID CONNECTOR MEANS; (H) A SUCTION CONDUIT COMMUNICATING WITH SAID SOURCE OF SUCTION AND WITH SAID CONNECTOR MEANS; (I) FOUR SHUT-OFF VALVE MEANS, EACH VALVE MEANS BEING RECIPROCABLE IN A RESPECTIVE ONE OF SAID CONDUITS IN A PATH PARALLEL TO SAID PREDETERMINED PATH BETWEEN A CONDUIT CLOSING AND A CONDUIT OPENING POSITION; AND (J) ABUTMENT MEANS OPERATIVELY CONNECTED TO SAID MOVABLE WALL FOR MOVEMENT THEREWITH IN A PATH PARALLEL TO SAID PATH, AND ABUTTINGLY ENGAGEABLE WITH SAID SHUT-OFF VALVE MEANS FOR MOVING THE SAME BETWEEN SAID POSITIONS THREOF WHEN SAID MOVABLE WALL MOVEES RELATIVE TO SAID FIXED WALL, SAID ABUTMENT MEANS INCLUDING (1) AN ABUTMENT MEMBER FIXEDLY CONNECTED TO SAID WALL FOR JOINT MOVEMENT THEREWITH, (2) SLIDE MEANS RECIPROCABLE BETWEEN TWO OPERATIVE POSITIONS THEREOF IN A PATH PARALLEL TO SAID PREDETERMINED PATH, (3) TWO RELEASABLE TOP MEANS FOR RESPECTIVELY LIMITING MOVEMENT OF SAID SLIDE MEANS TOWARD SAID OPERATIVE POSITIONS THEREOF IN RESPECTIVE INTERMEDIATE POSITIONS, (4) TWO YIELDABLE RESILIENT MEMBERS EXTENDING FROM SAID ABUTMENT MEMBER IN OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS PARALLEL TO SAID PREDETERMINED PATH, SAID RESILIENT MEMBERS BEING INTERPOSED BETWEEN SAID ABUTMENT MEMBER AND RESPECTIVELY PORTIONS OF SAID SLIDE MEANS FOR ACUTATING MOVEMENT OF SAID SLIDE MEANS RESPONSIVE TO SAID MOVEMENT OF SAID ABUTMENT MEMBER, WHEREBY SAID SLIDE MEANS MOVES WITH SAID ABUTMENT MEMBER BETWEEN SAID INTERMEDIATE POSITIONS THEREOF WHEN SAID ABUTMENT MEMBER MOVES BETWEEN CORRESPONDING POSITIONS, AND SAID RESILIENT MEMBERS ARE COMPRESSED WHEN SAID ABUTMENT MEMBER MOVES BEYOND SAID CORRESPONDING POSITIONS WHILE SAID STOP MEANS LIMIT MOVEMENT OF SAID SLIDE MEANS, (5) MOTION TRANSMITTING MEANS INTERPOSED BETWEEN SAID ABUTMENT MEMBER AND EACH OF SAID STOP MEANS FOR RESPECTIVELY RELEASING SAID STOP MEANS RESPONSIVE TO MOVEMENT OF SAID ABUTMENT MEMBER A PREDETERMINED DISTANCE BEYOND A RESPECTIVE CORRESPONDING POSITION THEREOF, AND (6) ARM MEANS MOUNTED ON SAID SLIDE MEANS FOR JOINT MOVEMENT THEREWITH PARALLEL TO SAID PREDETERMINED PATH AND ENGAGEABLE WITH SAID SHUTOFF VALVE MEANS FOR MOVING THE SAME BETWEEN SAID POSITIONS THEREOF. 